The ball spline pair is a linear motion system, which can transmit torque when the spline sleeve uses the steel ball to move on the spline shaft through the fine grinding. Spline pair has a more compact structure, can transfer the excess load and power, and has a longer life.

Spline pairs can be divided into three categories: that is, the flange type spline pair of groove spline and end cover spline, three kinds of spline. In general, the radial load and the torque transmitted by the flange spline are larger than those of the other two.